Building a Pergola

If you’re looking for a project to add structure and dimension to your backyard, consider building a pergola. They’re attractive, functional and a perfect place for growing vining plants such as wisteria.

To build your own pergola, first prepare the site. Clear away any existing plants and dig footings to frost depth (if needed). Next, mix fast-drying concrete and pour into the holes.

Size

A pergola is a perfect way to bring shade to a yard, or even to a pool area. It can also serve as a nice backdrop for entertaining or simply relaxing in the shade. Pergolas are typically built with a lattice structure to offer part-shade and part-sun coverage depending on the user’s preference. Adding climbing and creeping plants, such as wisteria, allows the homeowner to dress up their pergola.

When building a pergola close to the home, it is important to use accurate measurements to ensure the structure will fit properly. Measure the projection of the house’s eaves to accurately mark and locate the outer posts.

If the homeowner prefers a more modern look, cellular PVC (cPVC) can be used instead of wood for rafters, beams, and ledger boards. This is a very durable material that can be molded into many different shapes and sizes. Its strength and durability make it ideal for this type of structure in Arizona’s semi-arid climate.

Materials

A pergola is an independent structure, so you can either build it close to your home to create a garden nook or let it stand alone to form a statement piece in the yard. Whatever your choice, it’s important to start with a plan. You’ll need to determine where it’s going, how big it will be and what materials you want to use.

It’s also a good idea to check with your utility company before you dig, as you may encounter power, gas and cable lines. Also, make sure to dig the footings at least to frost depth if you live in a cold climate. This will help prevent the posts from shifting during freezing and thawing seasons, which can weaken and damage the structure.

Many DIYers prefer to build a pergola out of wood, but there are other durable options. One example is Kebony Clear, which is a modified wood that performs like tropical hardwoods but requires less upkeep. It’s also water-resistant, which is ideal if you live in an area with high humidity.

Design

Pergolas can be built freestanding or attached to a house. If you’re building a freestanding pergola, choose a flat and level area of the yard. If necessary, grade the ground by removing soil. If you are going to build a pergola close to the house, check with local utility companies to ensure you’re not digging into power, gas or cable lines.

To determine the size of your pergola’s footprint, measure the distance from the outside of the posts to the bottom of the column base. Then add the size of the post base to this measurement to arrive at the inside column measurements.

The next step is to install the secondary beams. These are framed with 2x8x14ft boards and are fastened to the side of each post. For best results, it is recommended to notch the end of each secondary beam at one side. This helps to make it easier to fasten the main beams.

Assembly

Whether you want to create an inviting entrance to your garden, mark out separate areas for dining and relaxing or simply add beauty to your landscape, a pergola is a perfect way to make it your own. To keep your project simple and minimize costly mistakes, consider buying a ready-to-assemble kit. These kits include all the parts you need and come with step-by-step directions.

The first step is to lay out the posts. Use batter boards and string to mark their locations. You can use a level to ensure the lines are straight. Next, dig holes and set the posts in concrete. Make sure you check with local utilities before digging to avoid hitting power, gas and cable lines.

Once the posts are in place, fit the rafters atop them. You can use rafter ties or drill pilot holes and insert 1 5/8 inch screws for a more professional finish. Then, you can fit the 2 by 8s for the roof. These should be equally spaced for a strong and sturdy structure.



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